Eye infections in babies and children occur commonly, and are very contagious, but they usually respond rapidly to the appropriate treatment.
Cause
The conjunctiva, or lining over the eyeball and inside the eyelids, can easily become infected by a germ (bacterium) or a virus. Infection is more common after initial irritation of the eye due either to an object or chemical that has entered the eye, or to an allergic reaction. Sometimes the child develops conjunctivitis as part of a cold.
Clinical features
Your child’s eye will be red and teary, and will be sore or itchy. Sometimes there will be a greenish, sticky discharge in the eye, which cakes the lids together after sleep. The skin around the eyes may look puffy.
Treatment
Keep the eye clean by washing it gently several times a day with cotton wool soaked in tepid water. See your doctor for the appropriate treatment. If an infection due to a germ is suspected, your doctor may suggest doing an eye swab (see p. 48) in for several days. You may need help in administering these — your doctor or nurse may be able to give you some helpful suggestions.
Conjunctivitis is very contagious, so always wash your hands after touching your child’s eyes, and provide a separate towel for his use only. Wash his hands frequently too, and discourage him from rubbing his eyes. Keep him at home until the infection has cleared up completely.
When to see your doctor
It is wise to consult your doctor whenever you suspect that your child has an eye infection. You should definitely see your doctor if
• the infection does not clear up after 3-4 days, despite treatment;
• your child is also generally unwell.
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